Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *oruk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 road 2 path

Russian meaning: 1 дорога 2 тропа

Old Turkic: oruq 1 (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: oruq 1 (MK, Tefs.)

Khakassian: orɣax 2

Yakut: orox 2

Dolgan: orok 2

Tuva: oruq 1

Tofalar: oruq 1

Comments: EDT 215, Stachowski 196. Räsänen (VEWT 364; similarly in Лексика 531-532, ЭСТЯ 4, 218) derives this word from *or- 'to dig', which is rather dubious semantically.

Proto-Turkic: *osa-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 careless, dilatory 2 bad, evil 3 to be careless, negligent 4 negligence, harm

Russian meaning: 1 небрежный, медлительный 2 плохой, злой 3 быть небрежным, беспечным 4 небрежность, беспечность, увечье

Old Turkic: osal 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: osal 1, osan- 3 (MK)

Turkish: osal 2 (dial.), usan- 3

Tatar: usal 2

Middle Turkic: osal 1 (Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: ọsal 2

Uighur: osal 2

Azerbaidzhan: osal 1 (dial.), usan- 3

Turkmen: osal 1

Chuvash: osal 2

Yakut: ohol 4

Kirghiz: osol 2

Kazakh: osal 2

Noghai: osal 2

Bashkir: usal 2

Balkar: osal 2

Karaim: osal 1, 2, usan- 3

Karakalpak: osal 2

Kumyk: osal 2

Comments: VEWT 365-366, EDT 247, 248, ЭСТЯ 1, 479-481, 608 (distinguishes osal and usan- - but the narrowing osan- > usan- is a local Oghuz phenomenon and probably secondary, due to interdialectal loans), Егоров 277, Федотов 2, 290. Turk. > Mong. osal (MMong. (SH) osolda-), see TMN 2, 149, Clark 1980, 39, not vice versa - despite Щербак 1997, 207.

Proto-Turkic: *ot

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: grass

Russian meaning: трава

Old Turkic: ot (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ot (MK)

Turkish: ot

Tatar: ut

Middle Turkic: ot (AH, Pav. C.)

Uighur: ot

Sary-Yughur: ot, ut

Azerbaidzhan: ot

Turkmen: ot

Khakassian: ot

Oyrat: ot

Chuvash: udъ, vudъ (dial.) 'hay'

Yakut: ot

Dolgan: ot

Tuva: o't

Kirghiz: ot

Kazakh: ot

Noghai: ot

Balkar: ot

Gagauz: ot

Karaim: ot

Karakalpak: ot

Kumyk: ot

Comments: EDT 34-35, ЭСТЯ 1, 481-483, Лексика 119-120, Федотов 2, 294-295, Stachowski 197.

Proto-Turkic: *otag

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 tent 2 room

Russian meaning: 1шалаш 2 комната

Karakhanid: otaɣ (MK) 1

Turkish: otak 1, oda 2

Middle Turkic: oda (Pav. C.) 2

Uzbek: ọtɔw 1

Uighur: otaq 1

Sary-Yughur: otaɣ, otax 1

Azerbaidzhan: otaG 2

Turkmen: otaG 2

Khakassian: otax 1

Shor: odaɣ 1

Oyrat: odū 1

Yakut: otū 1

Tuva: odaɣ 1

Kirghiz: otō 1

Kazakh: otaw 1

Noghai: otaw 1

Balkar: otow 2

Gagauz: oda 1

Karaim: oda 2

Karakalpak: otaw 1

Kumyk: otaw 2

Comments: EDT 46, VEWT 366, ЭСТЯ 1, 484-487, TMN 2, 66-67, Лексика 496. Turk. > Mong. otaq (see TMN 2, 67, Щербак 1997, 130). Some forms (like Tur. oda) suggest *ōtag - a secondary form, probably originally meaning "hearth" and derived from *ōt 'fire' and easily confused with *otag 'tent, dwelling place'. The latter, however, is very well attested (often in the shape *otagu) and certainly containing a short vowel.

Proto-Turkic: *otar

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 pasture 2 far environs 3 (summer) camp, dwelling place, village 4 herd

Russian meaning: 1 пастбище 2 дальние страны 3 хутор, деревня 4 отара, стадо баранов

Tatar: utar 3

Uzbek: ọtɔr 4

Turkmen: otar 1

Oyrat: odor 1

Yakut: otor 3

Tuva: odar 1

Kirghiz: otor 1, 2

Kazakh: otar 1

Noghai: otar 1

Bashkir: utar 3

Karaim: otar 1

Karakalpak: otar 1

Kumyk: otar 3

Comments: VEWT 367, ЭСТЯ 1, 487-488. Usually derived from *ot 'grass' but the morphological pattern is unclear; the word might well be archaic despite lack of ancient attestation. Cf. also Balkan words like Hung. határ etc., most probably of Turkic origin. Turk. > WMong. otar, Kalm. otr (KW 291).

Proto-Turkic: *otgun

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a broad strap on the left side of the saddle to which the buckle of the girth is fastened and secured with its tongue

Russian meaning: широкий ремень, к которому прикрепляется подпруга

Karakhanid: otɣun (utɣun) (MK)

Comments: EDT 47.

Proto-Turkic: *otrug

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: island

Russian meaning: остров

Old Turkic: otruɣ (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: otruɣ (MK)

Tatar: utraw

Middle Turkic: (MKypch.) otrač (dim.) (AH, CCum.)

Oyrat: ortolɨq

Bashkir: utraw

Karaim: otrac, otrač, oturaš

Comments: VEWT 367, EDT 65. In some languages the original form was folk-etymologically reinterpreted as *orta-lɨk 'located in the middle'. The latter form was borrowed in Mong., with regular liquid metathesis, as WMong. olturiɣ, Khalkha oltrig 'small island, archipelago' (whence again Khak. oltɨrɨx, Kum. ottɨraɣ (VEWT) 'island').

Proto-Turkic: *otuŕ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: thirty

Russian meaning: тридцать

Old Turkic: otuz (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ottuz (MK)

Turkish: otuz

Tatar: utɨz

Middle Turkic: otuz (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: ọttiz

Uighur: ottuz

Sary-Yughur: otus

Azerbaidzhan: otuz

Turkmen: otuz

Khakassian: otɨs

Oyrat: oduz, odus

Halaj: ho_ttuz, hottuz

Yakut: otut

Dolgan: otut

Kirghiz: otuz

Kazakh: otɨz

Noghai: otɨz

Bashkir: utɨδ

Balkar: otuz

Gagauz: otuz

Karaim: otuz

Karakalpak: otɨz

Comments: EDT 74, ЭСТЯ 1, 489, Stachowski 197.

Proto-Turkic: *ōču-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 thin, light, easy, worthless 2 youngest 3 to diminish

Russian meaning: 1 тонкий, легкий, простой, дешевый 2 младший 3 уменьшаться

Old Turkic: učuz 1 (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: učuz 1 (MK)

Turkish: uǯuz 1

Tatar: ŭčɨz 1 (dial.)

Middle Turkic: uǯuz 1 (Pav. C.)

Azerbaidzhan: uǯuz 1

Turkmen: uǯɨ̄z 1

Khakassian: očɨ (dial.) 2

Shor: očɨ (Верб.) 2

Yakut: uohun- 3

Balkar: učuz 1

Gagauz: uǯüs 1

Karaim: uǯɨz, uǯuz 1

Kumyk: učuz 1

Comments: EDT 32, VEWT 509, 356, ЭСТЯ 1, 567-568, Лексика 339-340. Some Kypch. forms (Tat. ŭčsɨz, Bashk. ŭshŭδ 'cheap') are probably a result of reinterpreting učuz as uč-sɨz "edgeless" - as a result of late folk etymology.

Proto-Turkic: *ōj-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to pick, peck 2 embroidery 3 thimble

Russian meaning: долбить, делать дыру, ковырять

Old Turkic: oj- (OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: oj- (MK) 1

Turkish: oj- 1, oja 2

Tatar: uj- 1

Middle Turkic: oj- (Sangl.) 1, ojmaq 3

Uzbek: ọj- 1

Uighur: oj- 1

Sary-Yughur: oj- 1

Azerbaidzhan: oj- 1

Turkmen: ōj- 1, ōjmaq 3

Khakassian: oj- 1

Shor: oj- 1

Oyrat: oj- 1

Chuvash: ъjъ, ijǝ (NW) 'chisel'

Yakut: ojuo-t- ; ojun- 'to be split off'; ojū 'picture'

Dolgan: ojū 'picture'

Tuva: oj- 1

Kirghiz: oj- 1, ojmoq 3

Kazakh: oj- 1

Noghai: oj- 1

Bashkir: uj- 1

Balkar: oj- 1

Gagauz: oj- 1

Karaim: oj- 1

Karakalpak: oj- 1

Kumyk: oj- 1

Comments: VEWT 358, 359, EDT 265, 266, ЭСТЯ 1, 425-428, 434, Лексика 98, Stachowski 190; also a noun: *ōj 'pit, lowland' (Tof. (Рассадин 1995) oj 'brook bed' etc.; *ōj-ɨk 'wound; pit'.

Proto-Turkic: *ōn

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: ten

Russian meaning: десять

Old Turkic: on (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: on (MK)

Turkish: on

Tatar: un

Middle Turkic: on (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: ọn

Uighur: on

Sary-Yughur: on, un

Azerbaidzhan: on

Turkmen: ōn

Khakassian: on

Oyrat: on

Halaj: ọ̄̂n

Chuvash: vonъ

Yakut: uon

Dolgan: uon

Tuva: on

Tofalar: on

Kirghiz: on

Kazakh: on

Noghai: on

Bashkir: un

Balkar: on

Gagauz: uon, on

Karaim: on

Karakalpak: on

Kumyk: on

Comments: EDT 166, VEWT 362, TMN 2, 163, ЭСТЯ 1, 455-456, Лексика 573, Федотов 1, 130-131, Stachowski 244.

Proto-Turkic: *ōp-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to suck, swallow

Russian meaning: сосать, глотать

Old Turkic: op- (Orkh.)

Karakhanid: op- (MK)

Tatar: up-

Oyrat: op-

Yakut: uop-

Dolgan: uobu 'Bissen, Happen'

Kazakh: op-

Noghai: op-

Bashkir: up-

Karaim: op-

Comments: EDT 4, VEWT 363, ЭСТЯ 1, 464-465, 269-273, Stachowski 243.

Proto-Turkic: *ōpa

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: village, clan

Russian meaning: деревня, род

Karakhanid: oba (MK Oghuz)

Middle Turkic: oba

Turkmen: ōba

Comments: EDT 5, ЭСТЯ 1, 400-401.

Proto-Turkic: *ōpu

Meaning: whirlwind, whirlpool

Russian meaning: вихрь (водоворот), пучина

Old Turkic: opu ~ obu

Tatar: up-qɨn 'пропасть, бездна; водоворот, пучина, омут (в реке, озере)'

Uzbek: ụp-qin, ụp-qɔn 'сильный вихрь, смерч; подземная яма, промоина; бездна, пропасть, пучина'

Azerbaidzhan: ov-d-an 'подземный водоем'

Oyrat: op-kɨn 'волна, водоворот, пучина'

Kirghiz: obut 'пруд'

Kazakh: oppa (< *op-ma) 'топкий, вязкий (о болоте); сугроб'

Noghai: op-qɨn 'топь, трясина, болото; пропасть, бездна, пучина, омут'

Bashkir: up-qɨn 'пропасть, бездна; пучина, омут'

Gagauz: oban 'озерко воды, образущееся в русле бывшей реки; омут'

Comments: ДТС 368, VEWT 363.

Proto-Turkic: *ōpuŕ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: rough, uneven ground

Russian meaning: возвышение, неровность почвы

Karakhanid: opuz (MK)

Turkish: obuz

Turkmen: ōbur 'precipice'

Comments: EDT 17. Cf. also Chuv. juba 'pillar' (in particular, 'grave pillar') - unlike other forms like Khak. obā, hardly borrowed from Mong. obuɣa.

Proto-Turkic: *ōt

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: fire

Russian meaning: огонь

Old Turkic: ot (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ot (MK)

Turkish: ot 'flame, fire' (arch.)

Tatar: ut

Middle Turkic: ot (Pav. C., Abush., MA)

Uzbek: ụt

Uighur: ot

Sary-Yughur: ot

Azerbaidzhan: od

Turkmen: ōt

Khakassian: ot

Oyrat: ot

Halaj: hụ̄t

Chuvash: vot

Yakut: uot

Dolgan: uot

Tuva: ot

Tofalar: ot

Kirghiz: ot

Kazakh: ot

Noghai: ot

Bashkir: ut

Balkar: ot

Karakalpak: ot

Salar: oht

Comments: VEWT 366, EDT 34, ЭСТЯ 1, 483-484, Лексика 356, 361, Федотов 1, 133, Stachowski 245. OT ot-čuq was borrowed in MMong. as očaq 'hearth' (see Щербак 1997, 196).

Proto-Turkic: *öč-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to extinguish, go out (of fire)

Russian meaning: гаснуть

Old Turkic: öč- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: öč- (MK, KB)

Turkish: dial. öč-

Tatar: üč-

Middle Turkic: öč- (Sangl., Pav. C., Abush.)

Uzbek: ụč-

Uighur: öč-

Turkmen: öč-

Khakassian: Sag., Koib. ös-

Shor: öč-

Oyrat: öč-

Halaj: hič-

Yakut: ös-

Tuva: öš-

Kirghiz: öč-

Kazakh: öš-

Balkar: öčül-

Karakalpak: öš-

Comments: VEWT 368, EDT 19-20, ЭСТЯ 1, 559-560.

Proto-Turkic: *öd

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: time

Russian meaning: время

Old Turkic: öd (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: öδ(leg) (MK), öδleg (KB)

Turkish: öjle 'midday'

Tatar: öjlɛ 'midday'

Middle Turkic: öj (IM), öjle 'midday'

Azerbaidzhan: öjlä 'midday'

Turkmen: öjle 'midday'

Oyrat: öj

Chuvash: vara 'later'

Noghai: üjlɛ 'midday'

Karaim: üjlɛ 'midday'

Comments: EDT 35-36, 56, ЭСТЯ 1, 516-517, VEWT 368, Лексика 68-69. Turk. > Hung. idő (< *öd-eg), see Gombocz 1912, MNyTESz 1, 189.

Proto-Turkic: *öd-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 lust, sexual passion 2 to feel lust 3 passion 4 oestrum

Russian meaning: 1 половое влечение 2 чувствовать влечение 3 страсть, тоска 4 течка

Old Turkic: ödlen- 2 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: öδig (MK, KB) 1, öδlen- 2 (MK)

Middle Turkic: öδüg (Qutb) 1, öjge (Pav. C.) 4

Turkmen: öjer- 'to espouse' (caus.)

Khakassian: özelǝs 3

Chuvash: vǝʷrge 3

Kirghiz: (ǯürögün) öjü- 'to be worried, frustrated'

Comments: EDT 50, 58, VEWT 518.

Proto-Turkic: *öd-kün-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to imitate

Russian meaning: подражать, имитировать

Karakhanid: ötgün- (MK)

Middle Turkic: öjkün- (Pav. C.), ötgün- (Abush.)

Turkmen: öjkün-

Oyrat: ökten-

Yakut: ütügün-

Dolgan: ütügün-

Tuva: ötün-

Karaim: etkin-

Comments: EDT 52, VEWT 368, ЭСТЯ 1, 515-516, Stachowski 254.